Implications of the use of the “vape” electronic cigarette on oral health – summary of current evidence
Keywords:
Electronic cigarettes, Oral implications, Oral health, SmokingAbstract
Objective: To analyze and highlight the implications of the use of electronic cigarettes on oral health through an integrative literature review. Method: Integrative review with data search carried out in the databases, VHL, PubMed and Google Scholar, for clinical studies in English, Portuguese and Spanish, published between 2013 and 2023 with relevant data on the implications of electronic cigarette use on oral health. Articles that did not answer the research question, duplicates, literature reviews and animal studies were excluded. Results: The eighteen studies included in this research demonstrated a variety of oral implications with periodontal, dental, oral microbiome, cytotoxic and oncological effects. Under this bias, it was reported that these symptoms were relatively minor and temporary for conventional smokers who switched to electronic cigarettes. Conclusions: The results of this review suggest that a wide range of oral health implications may be associated with the use of electronic cigarettes, as they contain toxic substances and should not be considered harmless.
References
World Health Organization. International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision. The global standard for diagnostic health information. Available at: https://icd.who.int/en Access in: 11 Fev. 2024.
Barradas ASM, Soares TO, Marinhi AB, Santos RGS, Silva LIA. Os riscos do uso do cigarro eletrônico entre os jovens. Global Clinical Research Journal, v. 1, n. 1, p. e8-e8, 2021. Doi: https://doi.org/10.5935/2763-8847.20210008
AGÊNCIA NACIONAL DE VIGILÂNCIA SANITÁRIA. Resolução da Diretoria Colegiada - RDC n.º 46, de 28 de agosto de 2009. Proíbe a comercialização, a importação e a propaganda de quaisquer dispositivos eletrônicos para fumar, conhecidos como cigarro eletrônico. Disponível em: http://portal.anvisa.gov.br/documents/10181/2718376/RDC_46_2009_COMP.pdf. Acesso em: 28 fev. 2024.
Ralho A, Coelho A, Ribeiro M, Paula A, Amaro I, Sousa J, et al. Effects of Electronic Cigarettes on Oral Cavity: A Systematic Review. J Evid Based Dent Pract. 2019 Dec;19(4):101318. Doi: 10.1016/j.jebdp.2019.04.002. Epub 2019 Apr 8. PMID: 31843181.
Menezes IL, Sales JM, Azevedo JKN, Figueirêdo Junior EC, Marinho SA. Cigarro Eletrônico: Mocinho ou Vilão?. Revista Estomatológica Herediana, v. 31, n. 1, p. 28-36, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20453/reh.v31i1.3923
Tommasi S, Caliri AW, Caceres A, Moreno DE, Li M, Chen Y et al. Deregulation of biologically significant genes and associated molecular pathways in the oral epithelium of electronic cigarette users. International journal of molecular sciences, v. 20, n. 3, p. 738, 2019. DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030738
Xu CP, Palazzolo DL, Cuadra GA. Mechanistic Effects of E-Liquids on Biofilm Formation and Growth of Oral Commensal Streptococcal Communities: Effect of Flavoring Agents. Dentistry Journal, v. 10, n. 5, p. 85, 2022. DOI: 10.3390/dj10050085
El-Sakhawy MA, El-Sehrawy MG, Waggiallah HA, Ibrahim AM, Ateya AAE. Appraisal and characterization of candida load isolated from the oral cavity of smokers. Saudi J Biol Sci. 2023 Jun;30(6):103657. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103657. Epub 2023 Apr 23. PMID: 37187935; PMCID: PMC10176073.
Thiem DGE, Donkiewicz P, Rejaey R, Wiesmann-Imilowski N, Deschner J, Al-Nawas B, et al. The impact of electronic and conventional cigarettes on periodontal health-a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Oral Investig. 2023 Sep;27(9):4911-4928. doi: 10.1007/s00784-023-05162-4. Epub 2023 Aug 1. PMID: 37526741; PMCID: PMC10492702.
Catala-Valentin A, Bernard JN, Caldwell M, Maxson J, Moore SD, Andl CD. E-Cigarette Aerosol Exposure Favors the Growth and Colonization of Oral Streptococcus mutans Compared to Commensal Streptococci. Microbiol Spectr. 2022 Apr 27;10(2):e0242121. doi: 10.1128/spectrum.02421-21. Epub 2022 Apr 4. PMID: 35377225; PMCID: PMC9045065.
Cichońska D, Kusiak A, Piechowicz L, Świetlik D. A pilot investigation into the influence of electronic cigarettes on oral bacteria. Postepy Dermatol Alergol. 2021 Dec;38(6):1092-1098. doi: 10.5114/ada.2020.100335. Epub 2022 Jan 7. PMID: 35126020; PMCID: PMC8802959.
Thomas SC, Xu F, Pushalkar S, Lin Z, Thakor N, Vardhan M, Flaminio Z, et al. Electronic Cigarette Use Promotes a Unique Periodontal Microbiome. mBio. 2022 Feb 22;13(1):e0007522. doi: 10.1128/mbio.00075-22. Epub 2022 Feb 22. PMID: 35189698; PMCID: PMC8903898.
Wasfi RA, Bang F, de Groh M, Champagne A, Han A, Lang JJ, et al. Chronic health effects associated with electronic cigarette use: A systematic review. Front Public Health. 2022 Oct 6;10:959622. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.959622. PMID: 36276349; PMCID: PMC9584749.
Figueredo CA, Abdelhay N, Figueredo CM, Catunda R, Gibson MP. The impact of vaping on periodontitis: A systematic review. Clin Exp Dent Res. 2021 Jun;7(3):376-384. doi: 10.1002/cre2.360. Epub 2020 Dec 4. PMID: 33274850; PMCID: PMC8204026.
Rouabhia M, Semlali A. Electronic cigarette vapor increases Streptococcus mutans growth, adhesion, biofilm formation, and expression of the biofilm-associated genes. Oral Dis. 2021 Apr;27(3):639-647. doi: 10.1111/odi.13564. Epub 2020 Aug 18. PMID: 32683796.
Yang I, Sandeep S, Rodriguez J. The oral health impact of electronic cigarette use: a systematic review. Crit Rev Toxicol. 2020 Feb;50(2):97-127. doi: 10.1080/10408444.2020.1713726. Epub 2020 Feb 11. Erratum in: Crit Rev Toxicol. 2020 Apr 14;:1. PMID: 32043402.
Alanazi H, Semlali A, Chmielewski W, Rouabhia M. E-Cigarettes Increase Candida albicans Growth and Modulate its Interaction with Gingival Epithelial Cells. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Jan 21;16(2):294. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16020294. PMID: 30669681; PMCID: PMC6352080.
Flach S, Maniam P, Manickavasagam J. E-cigarettes and head and neck cancers: A systematic review of the current literature. Clin Otolaryngol. 2019 Sep;44(5):749-756. doi: 10.1111/coa.13384. Epub 2019 Jul 23. PMID: 31148389.
Holliday RS, Campbell J, Preshaw PM. Effect of nicotine on human gingival, periodontal ligament and oral epithelial cells. A systematic review of the literature. J Dent. 2019 Jul;86:81-88. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2019.05.030. Epub 2019 May 25. PMID: 31136818.
Kim SA, Smith S, Beauchamp C, Song Y, Chiang M, Giuseppetti A, et al. ariogenic potential of sweet flavors in electronic-cigarette liquids. PLoS One. 2018 Sep 7;13(9):e0203717. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203717. PMID: 30192874; PMCID: PMC6128655.
Bardellini E, Amadori F, Conti G, Majorana A. Oral mucosal lesions in electronic cigarettes consumers versus former smokers. Acta Odontol Scand. 2018 Apr;76(3):226-228. doi: 10.1080/00016357.2017.1406613. Epub 2017 Nov 21. PMID: 29161938.
Sundar IK, Javed F, Romanos GE, Rahman I. E-cigarettes and flavorings induce inflammatory and pro-senescence responses in oral epithelial cells and periodontal fibroblasts. Oncotarget. 2016 Nov 22;7(47):77196-77204. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.12857.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Revista de Divulgação Científica Sena Aires
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
-
Atribuição — Você deve dar o crédito apropriado, prover um link para a licença e indicar se mudanças foram feitas. Você deve fazê-lo em qualquer circunstância razoável, mas de nenhuma maneira que sugira que o licenciante apoia você ou o seu uso.
- Sem restrições adicionais — Você não pode aplicar termos jurídicos ou medidas de caráter tecnológico que restrinjam legalmente outros de fazerem algo que a licença permita.
